Benefits of remating of a hyperparasitoid acting as a biocontrol agent

Encarsia sophia is a heteronomous hyperparasitoid, reducing competition and maximizing biocontrol by producing fertilized female offspring.• Multiple matings extend the oviposition period of females and significantly increase parasitism on whiteflies.• In mass rearing, male provisioning time can be shortened to within 2 h, with each male capable of engaging in 2-3 mating sessions.• For field releases, maintain a balanced male-female ratio on pupae cards and supplement parasitoids 15 days after the initial release.