Foraminifera as Evidence of the Existence of Mangrove Swamp in Southern Iraq

The current study aimed to prove and determine the area of the mangrove swamp in the Iraqi coast (southern Iraq), depending on the appearance of foraminifera, where these species are typical in their representation of the mangrove swamp environment. By examining the nature of the sediments in which the sandy silt sediments predominates over the presence of the silty and mudy sediments, it is expected that the rise of the sea level to a level beyond the presence of the mangrove swamp and the contribution of tectonic depression in the region may be the cause of the disappearance of the swamp. Dry climate conditions after mid-Holocene and its persistence to date may have a significant impact on the chances of a mangrove swamp emerging again.