Hidroxiapatita (Ha), B Trifosfato De Cálcio (Βtcp) E Mineral Osso Bovino Inorgânico (Dbbm) Como Enxertos Ósseos Em Implantodontia

The goal of the present research was to show, through a literature review, an analysis of the main physics chemical and biological properties of the biomaterials Hydroxyapatite (HA), β Calcium Triphosphate (βTCP) and Inorganic Mineral Bovine Bone (DBBM) used in bone grafts in implantodonty, approaching these materials presentation, behavior, reabsorption level and applicability/indication. These 3 biomaterials are osteoconductor, biocompatible and act as a framework to bone growing. The βTCP was found to be the best biomaterial when it comes to reabsorption response, the HA presents a slower reabsorption and its commercial presentation may influence on the reabsorption as microporous hydroxyapatites with micrograins present a better response to reabsorption; when it comes to DBBM the literature shows its reabsorption as very slow or almost null. These 3 biomaterials are indicated as bone grafts and the HA has the advantage of its low cost and its facility in using substituting the autogenous bone, due to the low quantity of bone taken avoiding a second surgical place, and in relation to the heterogenous (bone bank) and xenografts (animal tissue) due to their use restrictions. The βTCP presents a better response when it is used to bone regeneration, the DBBM is indicated to compensate horizontal and vertical losses and it has a better response when used as membranes acting as barriers.