Cases of violence by security forces against protesters, especially students, in Indonesia, have raised serious concerns, particularly when fatalities occur, such as in the 1998 Semanggi Tragedy. The use of live ammunition by the police is seen as disproportionate and a violation of SOPs. Mr. Bambang Sucipto, S.H., M.Hum., advocates avoiding lethal force in protests, with legal action against those responsible. Families of victims are entitled to seek justice, and there is a need for updated policies and better communication to field officers. Public and media roles are vital in ensuring fairness and transparency in handling these cases to maintain public trust in law enforcement.
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Wiyogo et al. (2024) studied this question.
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