Green Fabrication of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles from Imperata cylindrical and Evaluating Anticancer Potential Against Human HCT-116 Cell and Antibacterial Activity

The present study investigates the in vitro anticancer and antibacterial of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) synthesized from Imperata cylindrica using MTT Assay (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide) and the well diffusion method. The synthesized CuO NPs nanoparticles were analyzed by several analytical techniques such as UV–visible, Fourier transform infra-red, energy dispersive X-ray analyses with mean size 10.9 nm., Field emission scanning electron micrographs with size distribution ranging from 28.59 to 34.78 nm, Atomic forces microscope with mean diameter 21.02nm and zeta potential analysis. The efficiency of CuO NPs on human colorectal carcinoma cell lines (HCT-116) and HFF as normal cell lines was studied. Different concentrations of copper oxide nanoparticles (10, 50, 100, 250 ,500) μg/ml at 24 hours were selected. Results indicated that the impact of nanoparticles is dependent on the concentration. As the concentration of nanoparticles increases, the percent of cell viability decreases. It was found that concentration of CuO NPs at 250 μg/ml gave the cell viability percent (30.08%) after 24 hours. The nanoparticles also showed antibacterial effects against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria in different concentrations. At a concentration of 1024 (μg/ml), CuO NPs showed a strong antibacterial effect against all four kinds of bacteria.