Efecto del índice de masa corporal sobre los resultados clínicos de ciclos de fecundación in vitro

Objective: To evaluate the association between body mass index (BMI) and reproductive outcomes in in vitro fertilization(IVF) cycles. Methodology: A retrospective observational study was conducted at Germinar Fertility Center, includingwomen who underwent IVF cycles with genetic testing of embryos between 2019 and 2024. Two groups were compared:women with normal BMI (20–24.9 kg/m²) and women with obesity (≥30 kg/m²). Primary outcomes were live birth rateand miscarriage rate. Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were applied, with p<0.05 considered significant. Results: A totalof 167 cycles were analyzed (122 normal BMI, 45 obese). Live birth rates were 48.4% in the normal BMI group and 48.9% in the obese group, with no significant differences (χ² = 0.00; p = 1.00; Fisher p = 1.00).). Miscarriage rates were 9.0% vs. 6.7%, respectively, also not significant (χ²= 0.03; p = 0.864;Fisher p = 0.761). Discussion: Our results show that, in this cohort, obesity did not significantly affect reproductive outcomes. These findings contrast with some previous studiesdescribing a negative impact of obesity on oocyte quality, endometrial receptivity, and implantation rates. However, theyare consistent with more recent research suggesting that, with appropriate stimulation and transfer protocols, obese women can achieve results comparable to those with a normal BMI. Conclusions: In this cohort, BMI did not significantly influence IVF outcomes. Obesity was not associated with reduced live birth rates or increased miscarriage risk. Larger studies and the inclusion of more specific adiposity markers are warranted.