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In 2020, Michigan implemented its first Naloxone Leave-Behind Program for Emergency Medical Service (EMS) field providers. Under the program, EMS field providers leave naloxone kits to individuals aged 15 or older they encounter in the field who have overdosed, who indicate they have a substance use disorder, or exhibit signs of opioid use and/or to bystanders, friends, or family that are present at the encounter.
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Gibbons et al. (2024) studied this question.
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