The Belbas Tribes and the Revolt of Sheikh Ubaidullah Nahari (1880)

Belbas was a tribal union, in the nineteenth century consisting of the tribes of Mamash, Mangur, Piran, Sen, Ramk, Hormzyar and Gowrk, they lived and moved mostly in a nomadic and semi-nomadic manner near the border areas between the Ottoman states in Mosul and Sharazoor provinces on the one hand and in the Mukriani region of the Qajar state on the other. Therefore, they were often attacked by these two states, This situation forced them to be in a state of instability, rebellion and uprising and to participate in any movement and revolution that occurred in the region in order to get rid of the oppression by the two states, Therefore, they participated in the revolution of Sheikh Obaidullah in (1880) and the army of the tribes of Belbas, especially on the Mukriyan front, became the leader of the army of the revolution and participated in it, After the failure of the revolution, The Qajar government brutally attacked the people and villages of the Belbas tribes, killing, destroying and looting them, At the same time, many of the Belbas tribes were displaced in Ottoman territory and lived in misery, This situation has attracted the attention and questions of the researchers, With what cruel and revengeful spirit did the Qajar state attack the people of the revolutionary areas in general and the Balbas areas in particular, Therefore, it is necessary to search for information in the documents of the revolutionary days in the Ottoman and Qajar archives to show the destruction and tragedy that was committed against the people of Mukriyan and Balbas tribes.