Validation of real-time phase contrast MRI with online compressed sensing reconstruction in phantom and patients

Real-time Phase Contrast MRI with Compressed Sensing reconstruction is a promising method to image cardiac flow in patients with arrhythmia, where cardiac-gated sequences fail. In this study, we compared it against the gated standard clinical flow MRI using a phantom model and in patients. The phantom underwent pulsatile periodic and non-periodic flow. For in vivo validation, non-arrhythmic patient data (N=10) and data from patient with atrial fibrillation (N=1) were collected from the ascending aorta. Non-periodic flow was captured both in the phantom and in vivo. Real-time MRI showed good accuracy in net flow quantification and underestimated peak flow.