Optimal control RF pulses for dual-angle T1 measurements in 31P magnetization transfer spectroscopy

Herein, we show for the first time the application of optimal control (OC) to the design of RF pulses for dual-angle T1 measurements as needed for 31P magnetization transfer spectroscopy. Phantom measurements highlight that OC RF pulses are able to produce precise T1 maps within the relevant coil's sensitivity range. The resulting enlarged spin ensemble leads to high SNR and excellent T1 prediction if used in non-selective spectroscopic application. In addition, OC pulses were optimized for operation at a large bandwidth suitable for 31P spectroscopy (± 15 ppm), which is often a problem when adiabatic BIR-4 pulses are used.