Continuous-time random walk diffusion model combined with VI-RADS to predict muscle invasion of bladder cancer

Accurately differentiation of MIBC from non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is essential for selecting the optimal treatment plan and obtaining a better prognosis for BCa patients. In this study, the role of the CTRW model, VI-RADS and their combination in characterizing MIBC was evaluated. The CTRW parameters combined with VI-RADS could provide significantly better diagnostic performance for MIBC determination than the VI-RADS score alone. The CTRW model could serve as a compliment to VI-RADS and provide added value for predicting muscle invasion of bladder cancer.