Spatial Correspondence Between fMRI and Frequency-Specific Electrophysiological Networks in Treatment Resistant Depression

Here, we obtained pre-operative fMRI and intracranial recordings from two subjects with treatment-refractory depression undergoing stereoencephalography as part of a DBS study. Intracranial recordings were obtained from leads bilaterally implanted in the orbitofrontal cortex, subgenual cingulate, ventral striatum, hippocampus, and amygdala. fMRI-based resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) was calculated for ROIs defined by the recording sites. We identified significant spatial correlations between power bandpassed in canonical frequency bands and fMRI RSFC. Correlations between both modalities were highest within the beta band. These data suggest that it is possible to map between networks defined by fMRI and intracranial electrophysiology.