Etiopathogenetic Aspects of Syntropy and Mutual Burden in the Pathology of the Gastrointestinal Tract and the Diseases of the Oral Cavity

The purpose of the work is to study the main etiopathogenetic mechanisms of development and peculiarities of the clinical course in the comorbidity of diseases of the oral cavity and pathology of the gastrointestinal tract by analyzing the results of scientific research published in modern scientific publications.Material and methods. Search, systematization, elaboration and analysis of scientific works of domestic and foreign authors, which present the modern results of research on etiopathogenesis and peculiarities of the clinical course in comorbidity of diseases of the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract, with the involvement of search engines Google Scholar, PubMed and other electronic resources. The bibliosematic and analytical methods are used in the research.Results. The problem of syntropies, the basis of which is the association of etiological and pathogenetic factors of certain diseases, is an actual problem in modern medicine. The analysis of data from modern scientific literary sources proves that the development and progression of periodontal and oral mucosa diseases depends not only on the influence of local factors but also is a reaction to the influence of pathogenic factors that arise as a result of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.Steady persistence of microflora in certain areas of the digestive tract can complicate the course of dental and gastrointestinal diseases. A gradual change in the properties of representatives of the conditionally pathogenic group of microorganisms, their association with specific diseases of the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract indicates their role in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Mechanisms of free radical damage to cellular structures and changes in humoral and cellular immunity are important common links in the pathogenesis of periodontal and gastrointestinal tract diseases. The development of an imbalance of the endocrine system and psycho-emotional stress has a significant impact on the process of mutual burden of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and oral cavity.Conclusion. Тoday considerable factual material has been accumulated regarding the understanding of common mechanisms of etiopathogenesis and syntropy of diseases of the oral cavity and pathology of the gastrointestinal tract. This knowledge makes it possible to develop effective comprehensive measures for the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of both diseases of the oral cavity and diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, taking into account the mutual burden of these pathologies.