Analysis of legislation relating to vectors and management of urban floods in the state of Rio de Janeiro

Dengue is a worldwide disease that has spread in several states in Brazil and, in particular, in the state of Rio de Janeiro. In the forest environment, fish play the role of reducing the mosquito population in the initial phase, and lizards and frogs in the adult phase. In cities, mosquitoes function as urban pests, that is, they have an uncontrolled population due to the lack of natural predators, in addition to the availability of environment and food for their growth and reproduction. It is worth highlighting the fact that basic sanitation is not universal for populations, and even less is it considered as an investment factor to combat vectors that transmit dengue fever, despite the mosquito's first stage of development being in water. The objective of this work is to bring, through a bibliographical review, all the legislation applied to combat the dengue virus, which is also a vector of the zika virus and the chickunguya virus in the state of Rio de Janeiro, as well as to analyze which regulations include basic sanitation as a measure to contain the spread of the disease. Among 92 (ninety-two) municipalities in the state of Rio de Janeiro, only 13 (thirteen) municipalities approved decrees and/or laws that address the fight against the mosquito that transmits dengue, zika virus and chikungunya, and only the city of São Gonçalo mentioned care with drainage on public roads. This study demonstrates how there is a gap in combating the vector that transmits dengue when it comes to basic sanitation.