Figure 1 from Exosomal Thomsen–Friedenreich Glycoantigen: A New Liquid Biopsy Biomarker for Lung and Breast Cancer Diagnoses

SPR assay detects exosomal TF-Ag-α for cancer diagnosis. A, Sensing mechanism of the SPR assay. The assay time was ∼1 hour, and the sample volume was 10 µL serum. Representative SPR curves for the detection of exosomal TF-Ag-α in serum samples from a patient with lung cancer (B) and a patient with breast cancer (C). SEM images of exosomes expressing TF-Ag-α captured on the biochips from serum samples of a patient with lung cancer (D) and a patient with breast cancer (E). F, Weak signals were detected in exosome-depleted serum samples, whereas strong signals were observed in the same serum samples without exosome depletion (n = 10, patient characteristics are provided in Supplementary Tables S1 and S2).