Well Leg Compartment Syndrome in the Thigh and Calf Caused by a Forced Prone Position after Syncope

An 80-year-old male patient was admitted to the hospital due to swelling in the right lower limb with local blisters caused by a forced prone position for 9 hours after syncope. The patient got up in the middle of the night and fainted beside the bed due to a transient cerebral ischemia attack. The front of the right thigh and calf contacted the bed edge, presenting a forced prone position for 9 hours. The physical examination revealed swelling of the right lower limb, accompanied by local tension blisters, and the tension of the thigh and calf was increased. The patient had a history of diabetes, and no lower limb artery or vein thrombosis was found on B-ultrasound. Based on these findings, the patient was diagnosed with well leg compartment syndrome in the right thigh and calf. When the patient was admitted, the creatine phosphokinase level was 62,300 u/L, and the creatinine level was 2.66 mg/dL. Besides, the urea level of this patient was 11 mmol/L. He developed anuria with a high creatinine level, indicating acute kidney injury. Subsequently, temporary hemodialysis was performed for treatment. The patient underwent fasciotomy of the right thigh and calf, and the vacuum-assisted closure device was adopted for wound treatment. After 2 weeks of decompression, the wound was directly sutured under tension. After renal replacement therapy, the creatine phosphokinase level of this patient was 102 u/L, and the creatinine level was 95 mol/L, which tended to be normal.