Surface‐Level Muscle Deformation as a Correlate for Joint Torque (Adv. Mater. Technol. 15/2024)

Surface-Level Muscle Deformation In article number 2400444, Jonathan T. Alvarez, Conor J. Walsh, and co-workers introduce a non-contact method using a 2D laser profilometer to measure surface-level muscle deformation, a promising signal for estimating joint torque. The findings demonstrate strong correlations between deformation metrics—peak radial displacement, surface curvature, and surface strain—and volitional elbow torque across varying measurement locations and joint angles. This methodology standardizes evaluations, informing future wearable sensor design.