Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Causes, Symptoms and Treatment Options

Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic autoimmune disease where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own tissues and organs. Common symptoms include fatigue, joint pain and swelling, skin rashes (especially the butterfly rash on the face), fever, chest pain, and sensitivity to sunlight. Diagnosis typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, laboratory tests (such as blood tests for antibodies like ANA), and imaging studies. Treatment for systemic lupus erythematosus involves a combination of medications to control symptoms and minimize organ damage, alongside lifestyle changes like sun protection and exercise. SLE can lead to various complications, including kidney damage (lupus nephritis), cardiovascular problems, neurological disorders, osteoporosis, and increased susceptibility to infections.