The tasks of stabilizing existing pension systems and the main vectors of reforms in the practice of foreign countries

The article analyzes some common approaches to reforming pension systems for different states, focused mainly on improving their financial and social stability in the medium term. The main focus is on the issues of increasing the working life expectancy of the working part of the population by increasing the retirement age and limiting the possibility of early retirement for certain categories of employees and the introduction of private saving programs of various types to solve the problem of reducing the financial burden on the state and increasing the responsibility of citizens for their financial well-being in retirement. Various forms and models of organization of private pension plans are considered, depending largely on the structure of the labor market and national traditions, their advantages and disadvantages.