Ethics in clear communication for proper guidance in the vertical transmission of AIDS

AIDS was identified in the 1980s in the USA among homosexual men, associated with Kaposi's Sarcoma and pneumonia, and was initially an epidemic restricted to specific groups. HIV, the retrovirus responsible for the disease, uses reverse transcriptase to integrate its DNA into the host's genome. Over the decades, the epidemic has spread globally, affecting various strata of society and changing its epidemiological profile to include women, heterosexuals, and increasing among the elderly and people on low incomes. In Brazil, especially in the Southeast and South, prevalence is significant,with ongoing efforts to stabilize and reduce new infections since the 2000s. This review study aims to explore mother-to-child transmission of HIV and contribute to raising awareness of the ongoing challenges related to AIDS.