Unsupervised wide field-of-view video image change detection

Video surveillance requires simultaneous monitoring of multiple areas. Consequently, real-time automatic change detection of the monitored areas becomes very important. In the context of wide field-of-view conditions, the combination of a wide field-of-view, intricate environmental factors, and a substantial presence of random noise can lead to the degradation of visual fidelity and a diminished signal-to-noise ratio in the video images acquired through the image sensor. As a consequence, the task of detecting subtle changes becomes challenging for the surveillance system. To address the above problems, we have proposed a change detection method that leverages improved difference images and super fast and robust fuzzy c-means with constraints clustering. Initially, we employ an improved log-ratio operator and an improved mean-ratio operator to generate two distinct difference images. Subsequently, the wavelet fusion algorithm is applied to merge these two difference images, effectively integrating their distinctive features and producing a fused difference image with differentiability. Then, the new difference image is subjected to soft threshold primary classification and a cumulative distribution function normalization to obtain the difference image after primary classification. Finally, the super fast and robust fuzzy c-means with constraints clustering algorithm is employed for the ultimate classification, enabling the separation of changed and unchanged areas within the image.