Antibodies to HIV-1 specific antigens in HBV and HCV coinfected patients in Warri, Nigeria

Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) are critical global public health issues, particularly in resource-limited settings like Warri, Nigeria, where healthcare systems face significant challenges. This study investigates the prevalence of antibodies to HIV-1-specific antigens in HBV and HCV-coinfected patients in Warri. Materials and Methods: Utilizing a cross-sectional design, 350 HIV-positive individuals were systematically sampled, and their blood samples were analyzed using ELISA and Western blot techniques. Results: Among the participants, 17.7% were coinfected with HBV and 10.9% with HCV. A high prevalence of antibodies to HIV-1 gp120, gp41, and p24 was observed, with no significant differences between the HBV and HCV coinfected groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: These findings highlight the impact of HBV and HCV coinfections on the humoral immune response to HIV-1. Our study underscores the need for integrated diagnostic and therapeutic strategies to improve patient care in resource-limited settings. Understanding these interactions is crucial for developing effective management approaches for patients with HIV, HBV, and HCV coinfections.