Unraveling biological and antinewcastle viral potentials of L. serriola in poultry: in vitro, in ovo and in vivo approach

The most severe viral diseases which affect poultry is Newcastle disease (ND). Severe losses were observed in large scale poultry farms all over the world because of ND. For this purpose the research was done by using herbal means. The section I consist phytochemicals, HPLC and antioxidant of different mines from L. serriola through in vitro examines to acquire the safe herbal product. Section II explored herbal extracts by in ovo antiviral effects through SPF-nascent chicken eggs. The extract was used to analyze the antiviral activity in vivo by biochemical analyses during section III. The observations show that all extracts of L. serriola has the strong basis of phytochemicals present in them. In methanolic extract the higher TPC substances were found i.e. 54.9±1.57 mg GAE/g. Antioxidant analysis show that all the extracts have antioxidant ability and shows the great antiradical influence in the pattern of methanolic > acetonic > chloroform > n-hexane, through DPPH, Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), OH radical scavenging and NO radical scavenging assays. The in ovo study exposed the best results indicated by L. serriola at 400 µg/mL of methanolic & 300 µg/mL of acetonic extract completely inhibited the virus replication. The oral administration of methanolic ectract of L. serriola in drinking water of broiler chicken at both 50 mg/Kg and 99.9 mg/Kg body weight were non-toxic to the experimental chicken. The levels of antioxidant enzymes, GSH, GPx, SOD as well as TAC were reduced in the PC as compared to the NC group. Results of antibody titres level of experimental birds also showed that the dosage level of 100 mg/Kg body weight has the highest immune response against Newcastle disease. The positive reactions provided by extract are supposed to be as an influence of phytochemicals found in that extract or combination with other mixtures.