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The establishment of a new national system focused on breakthroughs in core technologies is a crucial step in perfecting the scientific and technological innovation system and enhancing the overall effectiveness of the national innovation system. This study systematically examines the new national system, delving into its theoretical characteristics, historical evolution, and global perspectives. It provides insights into the contemporary context, theoretical transformations, and historical experiences surrounding this system, highlighting its significance and implications for national development.
Jiao et al. (Sat,) studied this question.