Emerging Technologies in In-Situ Printed Wearable Sensors

Recent advancements in wearable sensors have significantly advanced the detection of physiological signals, both internally and externally to the body. The integration of innovative materials, such as flexible circuits, has allowed these sensors to achieve prolonged conformity with the monitored surfaces, thus enhancing the precision of signal gathering. In-situ bioprinting, a cutting-edge manufacturing technique, enables the direct fabrication of materials with diverse elastic properties onto specific surfaces. Sensors produced via in-situ bioprinting exhibit mechanical characteristics akin to human organs, improving their integration with the detection surface. Furthermore, the in-situ production process obviates the need for internal and external device transfer, substantially minimizing infection risks in clinical settings. The use of biocompatible inks also facilitates extended durations of wear, underscoring the profound potential of this technology. This article conducts a review of select studies to assess the current progress and technical hurdles in the domain of in-situ printed wearable sensors. It compiles the utilized printing materials, methodologies, and object tracking technologies, offering insights into the present and prospective advancements in in-situ printed wearable sensor technology.