Research of Graphene in Wearable Sweat Sensors

Wearable sweat sensors have shown significant development prospects in the field of healthcare and health monitoring in the era of excellent health with their advantages of convenient, real-time and non-invasive measurements, with functions such as providing personalized health services for different users. This paper demonstrates the basic structure and preparation of graphene, a two-dimensional (2D) crystalline material, as well as the application of different graphenes in wearable sweat sensors, such as the combination of laser-induced graphene with flexible printed circuit boards in the sensors, which utilizes the material's strong mechanical flexibility and improves the monitoring performance of the sensors to enable them to perform the detection of the concentration of ions, such as Na+ and K+, in sweat with good stability and selectivity. The sweat sensor cycle work process ion selection sensor will produce a water layer, affecting the sensor function; at this time, the 3D gradient porous graphene and the sensor combination, the use of material structure of the hydrophobicity, can improve the efficiency of the ion conduction to the electron, shorten the diffusion distance of the ion, effectively alleviate the problem of the formation of the water layer, and improve the stability and sensitivity of the sensor. The use of graphene in conjunction with wearable sweat sensors is currently a hot field, and this paper selectively discusses the basic structure and preparation of graphene, as well as the research progress of laser-induced graphene-based and 3D gradient porous graphene-based wearable sweat sensors.