Advances Of Allergen-Specific Th2 Cells in Atopic Diseases

Atopic diseases, such as atopic dermatitis (eczema), food allergies, allergic asthma, and atopic rhinitis (hay fever), involve our immune system overreacting to normally harmless substances. This can lead to chronic inflammation and various symptoms. In recent years, atopic diseases have become more prevalent around the world, affecting millions of adults and children (Thomsen, 2015). A particular type of immune cell, called allergen-specific Th2 cells, is known to play a vital role in the development of these conditions. This literature review aims to provide an overview of the current understanding on the role of allergen-specific Th2 cells in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis, peanut allergy, allergic asthma, and atopic rhinitis, with an emphasis on the biomarkers associated with their activation, recruitment, and effector functions. We will explore the molecular signatures of allergen-specific Th2 cells, their interaction with other cells and proteins, as well as their potential as therapeutic targets for atopic diseases.