Monitoring and Prediction of Ground Surface Settlement in Kunming Urban Area by Building GWO-LSTM Model Based on TS-InSAR

Long-term series monitoring of ground surface settlement by remote sensing has become an effective method. Based on TS-InSAR (time series Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) interferometry, this paper proposes a new model based on the Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) to monitor and predict the ground surface settlement in Kunming City. The results show that the MAPE (mean absolute percentage error), RMSE (root mean square error), and MAE (mean absolute error) of GWO-LSTM are significantly reduced. R2 (goodness of fit) in the six sub-study areas of Kunming City is improved in comparison to the LSTM model. The problem of manual parameter selection in the LSTM model is solved by the GWO algorithm to select parameters automatically. This approach not only significantly reduces the model’s training time but also identifies the most suitable network parameters. This can bring the best performance. Based on TS-InSAR data, the prediction of urban ground surface settlement by the GWO-LSTM model has good accuracy and robustness, which offers a scientific foundation for monitoring and issuing early warnings about urban land disasters.