SIC-POVMs and orders of real quadratic fields

We consider the problem of counting and classifying symmetric informationally complete positive operator-valued measures (SICs or SIC-POVMs), that is, sets of d² equiangular lines in Cᵈ. For 4 ≤ d ≤ 90, we show the number of known equivalence classes of Weyl--Heisenberg covariant SICs in dimension d equals the cardinality of the ideal class monoid of (not necessarily invertible) ideal classes in the real quadratic order of discriminant $(d+1)(d-3)$. Equivalently, this is the number of GL₂(Z) conjugacy classes in SL₂(Z) of trace $d-1$. We conjecture the equality extends to all d ≥ 4. We prove that this conjecture implies more that one equivalence class of Weyl--Heisenberg covariant SICs for every $d > 22$. Additionally, we refine the "class field hypothesis" of Appleby, Flammia, McConnell, and Yard (arXiv:1604.06098) to predict the exact class field generated by the ratios of vector entries for the equiangular lines defining a Weyl--Heisenberg covariant SIC. The class fields conjecturally associated to SICs in dimension d come with a natural partial order under inclusion; we show that the natural inclusions of these fields are strict, except in a small family of cases.