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The objective of this study is to improve the performance of a diesel engine with direct injection using diethyl ether as an additive and pongamia methyl ester as a fuel and to minimize emissions. The optimization process considers two input factors, the load and the fuel, and evaluates nine response parameters, including brake-specific fuel consumption, brake thermal efficiency, carbon monoxide, oxygen, nitrogen oxides, smoke, and exhaust gas temperature. A series of investigations were carried out to determine the appropriate reaction. Based on the test results, a grey relational analysis was performed to determine the optimal combination of fuel and load. The analysis involved the application of grey relational grade in order to simplify the problem of multiple responses to a single response. The integration of the grey relational grade and the signal-to-noise ratio provides the performance index. The experiment showed that the most effective solution is obtained by using Pongamia methyl ester fuel with a 10% addition of diethyl ether at a load of 30 kg.
Reddy et al. (Mon,) studied this question.