Assessment Study on Effect of Acidic Value Increase in Concrete on Ettringite Formation and Its Adverse Effect on Destruction of Passivation Layer on Reinforced Steel Surface

Concrete is a ubiquitous material in construction, known for its versatility and strength. It is composed primarily of cement, aggregates (sand, gravel, or crushed stone), and water. The key component, cement, undergoes hydration reactions when mixed with water, forming a hard matrix that binds the aggregates together. The primary compounds in Portland cement include tricalcium silicate (C3S), dicalcium silicate (C2S), tricalcium aluminate (C3A), and tetra calcium aluminoferrite (C4AF). The hydration of these compounds results in the formation of calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) and calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH)2), which contribute to the material's strength and durability. Admixtures are often added to modify the properties of concrete, enhancing its performance under various conditions.