Energy circulation in geospace lies at the heart of space weather research. Establishing global mass and energy transportation image in the solar wind-magnetosphere coupling system is critical for space physics and space weather research. Remote sensing overcomes the difficulties of capturing global views and distinguishing spatiotemporal variations in in-situ particle and field detections. The moon is an idea platform for imaging the global magnetosphere. An extreme ultraviolet camera operating at 30.4 nm has successfully captured the global plasmaspheric images with the Chang’e-3 lunar landing mission. A new double-wavelength extreme ultraviolet camera and an energetic neutral atomic (ENA) imager have been carried by the Queqiao-2 satellite to image the magnetosheath at 30.4 nm, the plasmasphere at 30.4 nm, the ionospheric oxygen ion outflow and oxygen ion in the magnetosphere at 83.4 nm, and the ring current ENA. The two imagers will significantly benefit the investigations in solar wind-magnetosphere coupling.
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Zhang et al. (2024) studied this question.
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