Research on Fault Detection of Belt Conveyor Drum Based on Improved YOLOv8 Network Mode

Abstract This paper presents a comprehensive study on enhancing the accuracy, real-time performance, and reliability of fault detection in conveyor belt drums. Leveraging insights from two distinct approaches, a novel lightweight network model, YOLOv8n + EMBC + SCC, is proposed. The model integrates the strengths of YOLOv8n in target detection accuracy and speed with innovative modules designed for improved performance. Firstly, the EMBC module, based on DSC high-efficiency convolution, replaces the traditional C2F module in the backbone and neck segments, resulting in a notable 14.5% increase in speed and a 0.7% enhancement in accuracy. Secondly, the SCC efficient convolution module replaces the Conv module in the detection head, further optimizing computational load and model performance, leading to an additional 11.73% increase in speed and a 0.7% improvement in accuracy. Experimental results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed model, achieving a detection accuracy of 93.4%, surpassing YOLOv8n by 0.9%. Moreover, the model exhibits an improved Frames Per Second (FPS) value of 38.21, representing a 3.56 f/s advancement over YOLOv8n. Heatmap analysis validates the model's superiority in terms of high detection accuracy, precise fault identification, and clear fault localization. This research contributes to the development of a fast, precise, and reliable fault detection system suitable for conveyor belt drum applications, with implications for improving operational efficiency and maintenance practices in industrial settings.