Vision is a beautiful gift to humans. This paper aims to develop an ultrasonic sensor based smart Guidance prototype as an electronic travel aid for blind people that can help them travel independently. The smart cap consists of AT mega microcontroller, Arduino board, three ultrasonic sensors, and a buzzer. Simulation of the system is provided for understanding the concept and to check its functioning. Proteus 8 simulation environment has been used for this purpose. Smart cap is a closed loop control system that continuously monitors the presence of any object around it and feedbacks the output to input for comparison. Finally, a step by step process of hardware connections has been provided.
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Jaafar et al. (2024) studied this question.
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