Histological Study on Venom Gland of Hatchling Stage of Egyptian Cobra, Naja haje (Squmata: Serpents: Elapidae)

Several advanced snakes have a distinctive venom delivery system that includes the main venom gland, primary duct, accessory gland, secondary duct, and the fang for defense and to subdue prey. The main part involved in venom secretion is the venom gland, in addition to the accessory gland. Naja haje (Elapidae) was used in the current study as an additional model for venomous snakes. One of the snake's distinguishing characteristics is its ability to elevate its anterior body while flattening its neck in response to danger. In the current study, we examine the morphological and histological aspects of the venom gland to demonstrate the venom gland's development according to its histological nature at hatching. Frontally and sagittally serial sections are made to the head of the snake. The study shows the tubular shape of the venom gland. The lateral and post-orbital regions of the upper jaw are home to the venom glands. Around the whole primary duct is the accessory gland, and connected to the main venom gland. These findings contribute to our understanding of how N. haje's venom gland is histologically developed at hatching.