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Expanding the development of renewable energy sources is recognized as one of the most important tasks in terms of responding to climate change and sustainable development. In addition, the increasing instability of the energy supply chain due to the Ukraine war emphasizes the importance of renewable energy in terms of energy security. Kazakhstan, a leading energy exporter among the FSU countries, has been promoting renewable energy development as a national policy for a long time, but has not shown significant results. In this study, Kazakhstan's strengths and limitations in the renewable energy sector, as well as opportunities for development, were examined by evaluating Kazakhstan's renewable energy development potential in three aspects - natural resources, institutions, and technology - with a focus on solar energy. Kazakhstan has relatively abundant solar energy resources, but the technological/industrial level for the development of the solar energy sector appears to be lagging significantly. However, the institutional level related to renewable energy appears to be higher than the world average, and some areas are higher than the OECD average. In order to expand solar energy development in Kazakhstan, cooperation between countries and attraction of investment are needed, which will be an opportunity for Kazakhstan.
Youngmin Yoon (Sun,) studied this question.