Collaborative Action Research Conducted by a Horticulture Instructor for Individuals with Profound Developmental Disabilities Participating in a Horticulture Program

The purpose of this study is to explore the practical knowledge gained by the researcher, a horticultural activity instructor, while collaborating with day activity center officials to create a horticultural program for people with profound developmental disabilities (PDD). The research participants included the researcher, three people with PDD, three classroom teachers, the center director, and two external experts in horticultural activities. The data collected during the implementation process were analyzed using a comprehensive analysis procedure and organized into three superordinate categories: ‘the evolving gardening activity’, ‘the dynamics of the participants’, and 'reborn cooperative relationships'. The results of the study showed that, first, in order to create a horticulture program for people with PDD, careful observation is necessary to understand their unique characteristics. Second, constant and close communication between the external instructor and the internal members is important throughout the process. Third, external instructors and internal teachers need to clearly establish common goals, which can lead to professional growth for both and continuous efforts to improve instruction. Based on these research results, it is suggested that there is a need to foster competent experts and strengthen the mutual cooperation system to provide high-quality lifelong education programs for people with PDD in the future.