Optimization Algorithms for Equitable Public Housing Allocation in Hong Kong

With Hong Kong's public housing demand far outstripping supply, exacerbated by high real estate prices and a growing population, there is a critical need for an equitable and efficient allocation system. This study explores the potential of advanced optimization algorithms to enhance the allocation of Public Rental Housing (PRH) in Hong Kong, inspired by Singapore's successful public housing model. Through a comprehensive review of Hong Kong's public housing history and current challenges, this paper introduces a novel Integer Linear Programming (ILP) model. The model aims to optimize the distribution of housing units to eligible applicants by maximizing total satisfaction and fairness, accounting for applicants' priority and housing preferences. Initial results demonstrate a significant improvement in allocation efficiency and fairness compared to the current lottery-based system. This research provides a tangible solution to Hong Kong's public housing allocation challenge. It contributes to the broader discourse on equitable housing policies, urging the integration of ethical, social, and political considerations alongside technological advancements for a more inclusive and fair distribution system.