Agroforestry in Conditions of the Rossoshansky District of Voronezh Region

Plantings for reclamation purposes in the conditions of the Rossoshansky district of the Voronezh region form biological objects of long-term use with an ever-increasing reclamation effect. With an area of forest belts of 2009.6 hectares, the foliage of arable land is 1.50%. The purpose of the study is to identify patterns of tree growth in protective plantings and establish parameters for afforestation and the volume of forest reclamation work. In protective plantings, biometric growth indicators of species vary depending on the agrotechnical and silvicultural features of the creation, mixing patterns, and formation structure. Due to physiological processes in different parts of the transverse profile, the largest diameter at the age of 16 - 36 years in white acacia and green ash is observed in the peripheral rows, and, accordingly, the highest height in the central rows. The average increase in height in middle-aged forest belts with the participation of common elm and green ash on leached and ordinary chernozem is 0.2 - 2.2 m/year and at the age of 12-16 years a decrease in growth activity is already noted. Artificial linear plantings with a smaller width and number of rows have a greater wind-protective height. With a planting density of 5000 pcs/ha and placement of planting places of 2.5 x 0.8 m, the difference in the double width of forest belts leads to a change in the preservation of species and height indicators by 6.7 -12.0%. Mixed plantings with the participation of white acacia, green ash, and silver birch are in quite satisfactory condition. With an increase in the forest cover of arable land, an increase in agricultural crop yields is noted. The optimal parameters for arable land cover should be 3.25%.