Critical Reflection on Hate Speech in Nuno Brandão's Penal Perspective

This article aims to explore and contextualize Nuno Brandão’s contribution to the discourse on hate speech from a penal perspective, considering his work “Hate Speech from a Penal Perspective” published in 2021. Through a critical review of his main arguments, the goal is to reflect on potential directions for public policies and legal interventions in this area. In conclusion, Nuno Brandão’s text offers a rich and multifaceted analysis of hate speech from a penal perspective, highlighting the complexities and dilemmas inherent in its criminalization. His critical reflection invites us to deeply consider the best way to protect individuals and vulnerable groups without compromising the fundamental values of a democratic society.