Экологические подходы к формированию общественных приречных пространств как инструмент развития водно-зеленого каркаса города Новокузнецка

Introduction. Riverside spaces are complex objects that include geographic, ecological, economic and social systems. Previously, these territories were mostly used as part of industrial and logistics system, but recently more and more attention is paid to the creation of a comfortable urban environment. Therefore, in order to improve the state of the ecological environment, it is necessary to study the natural complexes of coastal areas to reduce anthropogenic load and restore natural potential. The purpose of the study is to identify the basic principles of the formation of public spaces in riverside areas using the example of an ecological park in Novokuznetsk as the core of the water-green urban framework (WGUF). After a thorough study of theoretical scientific works and analysis of the factors that determine priority areas for various types of eco-spaces, the following tasks are set: identification of problems and features of the formation of a specific territory and infrastructure of ecological parks as part of the WGUF while minimizing anthropogenic impact, in order to preserve the ecosystem and biodiversity; creation of a theoretical model of a natural-ecological framework; development of a conceptual solution for the formation of an ecological park as a significant natural core in the structure of the water-green framework of the city of Novokuznetsk. Materials and methods. The study was compiled based on the research of current data on the state of the territory of the city of Novokuznetsk. After analyzing the classifications of elements of the urban and ecological framework and public and recreational spaces, a theoretical model of the natural-ecological framework was developed. Results. A conceptual architectural and urban planning solution was developed based on the collected data on the coastal territory and ecosystem of Novokuznetsk and SWOT-analysis of the design site. The basic principles of the formation of public riverside spaces and methods of their development were identified, a model of the natural-ecological framework was developed, which is of independent scientific value and practical significance. Conclusions. The developed approaches simplify the design of environmental and public recreational spaces due to the emergence of a clear structure, the main influencing factors and principles for creating such elements in urban space.