Superrestoration of chiral symmetry in massive four-fermion interaction models

The chiral symmetry is explicitly and spontaneously broken in a strongly interacting massive fermionic system. We study the chiral symmetry restoration in massive four-fermion interaction models with increasing temperature and chemical potential. At high temperature and large chemical potential, we find the boundaries where the spontaneously broken chiral symmetry can be fully restored in the massive Gross-Neveu model. We call the phenomenon superrestoration. The phase boundary is obtained analytically and numerically. In the massive Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model, it was found that whether superrestoration occurs depends on regularizations. We also evaluate the behavior of the dynamical mass and show the superrestoration boundaries on the ordinary phase diagrams.