Williams-Campbell Syndrome Case Series and Discordant Twins

Williams-Campbell Syndrome (WCS) is a rare pulmonary disorder encompassing aspects of both bronchiectasis and obstructive lung disease. First described by Williams and Campbell in 1960 [1], this syndrome is characterised by the absence of bronchial cartilage, leading to bronchiectasis and recurrent respiratory infections [2, 3]. Due to its rarity, WCS poses significant challenges in terms of diagnosis and management. Footnotes This manuscript has recently been accepted for publication in the ERJ Open Research . It is published here in its accepted form prior to copyediting and typesetting by our production team. After these production processes are complete and the authors have approved the resulting proofs, the article will move to the latest issue of the ERJOR online. Please open or download the PDF to view this article. Conflict of interest: F.A.M, C.D, G.M are employees of ENA Respiratory Pty Ltd, receive an annual salary and other benefits. In addition, they have shares and share options and are named inventors on numerous granted or pending patent applications controlled by ENA. Conflict of interest: JC reports grants or contracts from Grifols; consulting fees from Antabio, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, GlaxoSmithKline, Grifols, Insmed, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, and Zambon; and leadership or fiduciary roles as Chair of European Respiratory Society (ERS) Bronchiectasis Guideline Task Force, Chief Editor of European Respiratory Journal, and Chair of EMBARC Clinical Research Collaboration. Conflict of interest: EP reports grants or contracts from Grifols; consulting fees from Bayer, Zambon, Pfizer, Chiesi, Shire, Shionogi, Insmed, Moderna, and Pfizer; payment for expert testimony from Chiesi; leadership or fiduciary roles as ERS Task Force for Bronchiectasis Guidelines, co-chair of EMBARC; and receipt of equipment, materials, drugs, medical writing, gifts, or other services from Zambon. Conflict of interest: SA reports grants or contracts from Insmed, Chiesi, Fisher & Paykel, to the institution; royalties or licenses with McGraw Hill; consulting fees from Insmed Incorporated, Insmed Italy, Insmed Ireland, Zambon, AstraZeneca UK, AstraZeneca Pharmaceutical, CSL Behring, Grifols, Fondazione Charta, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi Farmaceutici Spa, Zcube, MENARINI, MSD Italia, Physioassist SAS, and GlaxoSmithKline Spa; payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from GlaxoSmithKline Spa, Thermofisher Scientific, Insmed Italy, Insmed Ireland, Zambon, and Fondazione Internazionale Menarini; and participation on a Data Safety Monitoring Board or Advisory Board for Insmed Incorporated, Insmed Italy, AstraZeneca UK, and MSD Italia. Conflict of interest: All other authors declare no conflicts of interest.