Active space debris detection, capture, and storage system

Existing space debris removal methods predominantly focus on deorbiting debris in an effort to burn them upon re-entry into the Earth's atmosphere. This method can result in the release of noxious gases in the atmosphere. Furthermore, large debris may not completely burn up on re-entry which could be hazardous. This method also leads to a wastage of valuable satellite parts. The solution is to use a space debris removal system that can collect, store and safely bring the debris back to Earth. This paper aims to provide a unique framework for such an Active Space Debris Removal System by implementing specific methods of debris detection, capture, orbital transfer and storage. Debris detection and position estimation has been achieved using image processing algorithms. Orbital maneuvers have been used to simulate the capture and transfer of debris to a storage unit. Mathematical modelling and simulation of the capture mechanism have been demonstrated. 3D designs of the capture mechanism and storage station are proposed in this work. The storage station would accommodate the delivered debris till it is returned back to Earth. The debris considered for demonstration is a 10x10x10 cubic centimeter (1U) Cubesat in the Low Earth Orbit.