Analyze the spatial-temporal changes and their environmental impacts on tourist spots in the Chittagong hill tract area of Bangladesh

Abstract Tourism is related to the cost degradation of the environment and affects the social and cultural spectrum. The growth of the tourism and hospitality sector greatly impacts the environment of mountain tourist areas of Bangladesh. For this, it examines the LULC (Land Use Land Cover) change detection in tourist areas and analyzes its environmental impacts. Analyzing the LULC, NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), and NDBI (Normalized Difference Built-Up Index) would help to know about the LULCC detection before 20 years of difference between the tourist spots Sajek, Himchari & Nilgiri by Landsat 5, Landsat 8 & Sentinel-2 satellite imagery and analyzing the LST (Land Surface Temperature) and annual rainfall data which discovers to analyze its environmental impact. Data collection, Satellite image pre-processing, Supervised image Classification, Accuracy Assessment, NDVI, NDBI, LST, and annual rainfall data are processed by the Google Earth Engine code editor with individual code and Area Calculation, LULC change detection, map analysis & design are performed by QGIS 3.28 & 2.18. LULC, NDVI, and NDBI show an increase in urban areas and a decrease in the vegetation rapidly another LST significantly increased, and annual rainfall has decreased in the last 20 years (2003–2023) which can cause the worst climatic condition of the tourists spots environmentally hazardous landslide, cyclone, saline water inundation, forest fire are influencing by rapid growth of urbanization.