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In the Ming Dynasty, two distinct views on fate emerged among literati: predestination theory and changing fate theory. The former adhered to the acceptance of predestined fate, denying subjective agency, believing that fate cannot be altered by individual efforts. The formation of this perspective was closely related to the disillusionment of literati in their careers and the harsh reality brought about by the intense competition in the prosperous commodity economy of the Ming Dynasty. Analyzing this phenomenon is conducive to understanding the contradictions between Ming Dynasty monarchy and the development of the commodity economy, as well as the external manifestations of self-contradictory thoughts and influencing factors. Utilizing the method of literature review, this study primarily interprets the chapter A Fortunate Man and Dongtinghong from Amazing Tales-First Series, presenting new concepts and finding relevant supporting materials based on previous research.
Yeye Ou (Wed,) studied this question.