A Network Pharmacology-based Approach to Explore Potential Targets and Mechanism of Berberis aristata Focusing on its Implications for Diabetes Mellitus

Berberis aristata, a revered medicinal shrub in traditional systems like Ayurveda, holds promise in managing diabetes mellitus, a burgeoning global health concern. Through a comprehensive analysis of its bioactive compounds and their interactions with potential targets, this study elucidates the molecular mechanisms underlying its anti-diabetic effects. Screening through databases yielded 17 bioactive compounds, including rutin, quercetin, and berberine. Protein-protein interaction analysis identified 44 potential targets, with 36 genes overlapping with disease-related genes, indicating pivotal pathways in diabetes mellitus treatment. Further, pathway analysis highlighted G-protein coupled receptor signaling, calcium signaling, and neurotransmitter receptor activity as significant, with adjusted p-values. Network analysis revealed key hub genes like DRD1 and MMP2, emphasizing their central role in Berberis aristata’s therapeutic action. The findings underscore Berberis aristata’s potential as a source of novel anti-diabetic agents and offer groundwork for potential research in this field.