Transgenics with gonadal microinjection in dioecious Caenorhabditis nematodes

Biological research with nematode models is increasing to understand molecular phenomena related to genome, genetics, and biological comparison. Various methods have been developed to produce genetically modified organisms with desired characteristics. First successfully employed in 1985, the gonadal microinjection in Caenorhabditis elegans has proven highly effective for transformations. For other nematodes, this transformation methodology could play an important role in studying genetics and genomics within and among the species. Research methods with several other non-C. elegans round nematodes were adopted the microinjections to do transformation. In this study on transformation, we report the results of transgenics using different plasmids in eight dioecious species (C. portoensis, C. sp. 33, C. brenneri, C. nigoni, C. sinica, C. imperialis, C. nouraguensis, and C. remanei). We successfully obtained stable transgenes in the first four species but encountered failures in the last four.