Kennedy-Tasaki transformation and noninvertible symmetry in lattice models beyond one dimension

We give an explicit operator representation (via a sequential circuit and projection to symmetry subspaces) of Kramers-Wannier duality transformation in higher-dimensional subsystem symmetric models, generalizing the construction in the 1D transverse-field Ising model. Using the Kramers-Wannier duality operator, we also construct the Kennedy-Tasaki transformation that maps subsystem symmetry-protected topological phases to spontaneous subsystem symmetry-breaking phases, where the symmetry group for the former is either Z₂×Z₂ or Z₂. This also generalizes the recently proposed picture of the one-dimensional Kennedy-Tasaki transformation as a composition of manipulations involving gauging and stacking symmetry-protected topological phases to higher dimensions.