Dual-site catalysts for water oxidation: A detailed study

Water oxidation stands as a pivotal half-reaction in the complete water-splitting equation, essential for green hydrogen production. Dual-site catalysts, recognized for their active sites, emerge as a potential solution in this domain. Non-noble metal materials, employed in such catalysts, present an auspicious research frontier. However, the underlying mechanisms warrant further clarity. This review concentrates on the fundamental mechanisms and performance of classical dual-site catalysts in water oxidation, aiming to offer newcomers a lucid conceptual framework.